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Cornish pasty

Three Cornish pasties on wooden plate, one cut in half to reveal filling. Photo of Cornish tin mines in background. Buff linen tablecloth.

The meat pasty originates from the ancient method of cooking meat in a flour and water paste (which was discarded after cooking) to preserve the juices. Once fats were added to the paste the casing could be eaten. In Cornwall a meat pie made with a toughened pastry to enable it to be transported in pockets or bags without crumbling was particularly popular with tin miners who could take them into the mine and provide them with a substantial meal while working. While other meat pies were eaten by workers in other parts of the country (the Bedfordshire Clanger for instance), the half circle shape and crimped edges of the Cornish pasty are unique. Although it has been suggested that the thick crimping of the Cornish pasty is to enable the miners to hold the pie so that the arsenic on their fingers would not transfer to the main pie, it is also evident from old photographs that the pasties were wrapped in paper or cloth so that the whole pie could be eaten. However, it is widely understood in Cornwall, that the crimped edge used to hold the pastie should be thrown away to feed the knockers (‘little folk’ who lived in the mines) in order to keep them happy and so keep the miners safe. Often one end of the pie would be filled with jam so that it provided a two-course meal for the miners.

Equipment

  • Baking sheet
  • Weighing scales
  • Large mixing bowl
  • Cling film
  • Rolling pin
  • Pastry brush

Preparation method

  • Grease the baking sheet with lard.
  • To make the pastry sift the flour and salt into the mixing bowl or food processor bowl.
  • Add the butter and lard and then rub it in (or process if using a food processor) until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs.
  • Add the water and bring together to make a dough adding more water if the dough is too dry. If using a processor add the water and whizz until the mixture forms a ball of dough.
  • Turn the dough onto a lightly floured work surface and knead until the pastry becomes elastic. This will take longer than normal pastry, but it gives it the strength that is needed to hold the filling and retain a good shape.
  • On a lightly floured work surface roll out the pastry and cut into circles approx. 20cm diameter. A side plate is an ideal size to use as a guide.
  • Layer the vegetables and meat on top of the pastry, adding plenty of seasoning.
  • Bring the pastry up around the filling and join together to make a crescent moon shape and crimp the edges together to seal the pastry. The crimping of a Cornish pasty uses a particular method. I would suggest finding a Youtube demonstration as it's rather difficult to describe in words.
  • Place the pasties on the baking sheet and place in the fridge for 2 hours.
  • Preheat the oven to 170C/325F/gas 3.
  • Remove the pasties from the fridge and glaze with the beaten egg.
  • Place in the oven and bake for an hour until golden.
  • Remove from the oven and allow to cool a little before serving.  They are best eaten warm but are also good eaten cold and perfect to take on a picnic.

Tip: After you have peeled onions or shallots, cut them in half and remove the inner shoots as they can cause indigestion
Pastry making: For tips and step-by-step instructions, see my guide on making shortcrust pastry.

Georgian

Serves:
4
Prep Time 2 hours 30 minutes
Cook Time 1 hour
Resting time 15 minutes
Total Time 3 hours 45 minutes

Ingredients

For the shortcrust pastry

  • 500 g strong bread flour
  • 120 g lard
  • 125 g butter, preferably Cornish
  • 1 tsp salt
  • 175 ml cold water
  • 1 medium egg, beaten for glazing

For the filling

  • 300 g good quality beef skirt, cut into 1.5cm pieces
  • 200 g potato, peeled and cut into small slices
  • 100 g swede, peeled and diced into 1cm cubes
  • 100 g onion, peeled, sliced and then the slices cut in half
  • Salt and freshly ground black pepper

Nutrition

Nutrition Facts
Cornish pasty
Serving Size
 
374 g
Amount per Serving
Calories
1138
Percent of Daily Value*
Fat
 
66
g
102
%
Saturated Fat
 
31
g
194
%
Cholesterol
 
185
mg
62
%
Sodium
 
860
mg
37
%
Potassium
 
665
mg
19
%
Carbohydrates
 
101
g
34
%
Fiber
 
5.2
g
22
%
Sugar
 
2.6
g
3
%
Protein
 
34
g
68
%
Calcium
 
69
mg
7
%
Iron
 
8.8
mg
49
%
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2000 calorie diet.

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Keywords

Beef skirt